Electric resistance welding is a group of welding processes in which welding heat is obtained from resistance of the work to the flow of electrical current and by application of pressure. The less resistance a metal has, the less heat is generated when current passes through it. No flux or filler metal is added. Resistance welding is an open-air fusion bonding technique that employs an embedded heating element at the interface to heat, via Joule heating, the interface between adherends as shown in Figure 4.It is important for the heating element to be compatible with the composites as it remains imbedded at the interface. Some of the popular welding machine manufactures are Lincoln, Miller, and Hobart, etc. Several electric resistance welding (ERW) processes are available for tube and pipe production. The types of the welding machines and their functioning are also provided. Welding is a fabrication process of joining materials like metals or thermoplastics by a fusion technique.In the welding industry, there are many types of welding machines depending on the type of welding process. Therefore, a single graphite prepreg ply can be used as the resistive element. sistance welding. Figure 4: Rotating projection welding machine Conclusion The present paper describes resistant element welding along with two of the types that include spot resistance welding and projection resistance welding.Both kinds of the welding are elaborated along with its advantages and disadvantages. This method is called resistance welding because it is the resistance between the contact surfaces of the metals being welded that generates the heat to fuse them together. The resistance welding methods are efficient and are preferred since they do not cause pollution. Everything about metallurgy, Furnace Heat treatment Microstructure, carbon steel metallurgy,carburizing,annealing,normalizing,forgging Resistance is the opposition that a substance offers to the flow of electric current. The welding method of ERW pipe and submerged arc welded pipe is significantly different. In other way, it may be defined as “Resistance welding is a thermo-electric process in which heat is generated at the interface of the parts to be joined by passing an electrical current through the parts for a precisely controlled time and under a pressure”. Electrical resistance welding has increased due to its lower pollution output and more efficient methods. The pressure welding method without filler metal is adopted. While each process has different characteristics, all ERW processes have one thing in common–all of them produce a forged weld. The arc welding temperatures are influenced by different factors such as the metal coating, the electrode geometry, the work piece proportions, the electrode materials, the pressing force, the duration of the welding time and the electrical current. Resistance welding testing of various metals with the same metallographic composition, ERW is the abbreviation of electric resistance welding. A forged weld is created by applying a combination of heat and pressure, or forging force, to the weld zone. The use of resistance welding is indicated in smaller projects with thinner metals. It is an efficient and economic method of joining metals using their electrical resistance. The most widely used form of resistance welding is spot resistance welding (RSW) [1],[2]. These metals can not withstand high levels of heat and electricity, but resistance welding is less intense. Working Principle of Electric Resistance Welding.

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